monkeypox cases worldwide 2022

[62] The only major monkeypox outbreak to be recorded in a Western country prior to 2022 was the 2003 Midwest monkeypox outbreak in the United States, which did not feature community transmission. On 24 May, Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Deputy Director Jennifer McQuiston confirmed the United States is releasing some of their Jynneos vaccine supply from their Strategic National Stockpile for people who are "high-risk". [69][70] Given the unusually high frequency of human-to-human transmission observed in this event, and the probable community transmission without history of traveling to endemic areas, spread of the virus through close contact is more likely, with transmission during sexual activities being the most common route. [135] A meeting convened on 23 June determined that the outbreak did not constitute a Public Health Emergency of International Concern for the time being,[136] but that decision was overturned by a later meeting on 23 July. On 25 July, Japan reported its first case of Monkeypox. [66] They confirmed that the monkeypox virus was of the West African clade, related to other previous international outbreaks in 201819. [80][82] Patients with active monkeypox infection were confirmed to be hospitalised at the Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle upon Tyne and at the Royal Free Hospital and Guy's Hospital in London. Experts Debate", "Monkeypox Virus Infection in Humans across 16 Countries AprilJune 2022", "UN health agency chief declares monkeypox a global emergency", "Reducing Stigma in Monkeypox Communication and Community Engagement", "Multi-country monkeypox outbreak: situation update", "348. Countries listed several times reported suspected cases again after they discarded suspected cases before. A systematic review", "Monkeypox contact tracing extended to Scotland", "Australia's first confirmed monkeypox case recorded in Victoria", "13 Sick After Prairie Dog Contact; Milwaukee Pet Store Employee, Two Others Remain Hospitalized", "Four Get Monkeypox Virus from Prairie Dogs", "First draft genome sequence of Monkeypox virus associated with the suspected multi-country outbreak, May 2022 (confirmed case in Portugal)", "First monkeypox genome from latest outbreak shows links to 2018 strain", "Monkeypox wasn't created in a lab and other claims debunked", "OPINION: Media coverage of monkeypox paints it as an African virus", "Monkeypox is spreading among gay men worldwide", "Monkeypox goes global: why scientists are on alert", "Monkeypox likely spread by sex at two raves in Europe, expert says", "Monkeypox may have been circulating in UK for years, scientists say", "Human Animal Infections and Risk Surveillance group (HAIRS)", "Over 100 Britons have now caught monkeypox: Health chiefs spot another 16 cases", "Qualitative assessment of the risk to the UK human population of monkeypox infection in a canine, feline, mustelid, lagomorph or rodent UK pet", "Monkeypox: Two more confirmed cases of viral infection", "Monkeypox: Four more cases detected in England", "Monkeypox 'spreading in sexual networks', "Investigation into monkeypox outbreak in England: technical briefing 1", "UK monkeypox cases double to 20 Sajid Javid", "People coming into contact with monkeypox are now being advised to quarantine for three weeks", "Monkeypox. [71] LGBTQ+ rights groups have issued statements advising media to avoid stigmatising marginalised groups such as men who have sex with men. [84] The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) advised people who have had close contact with a person infected with monkeypox to self-isolate for 21 days. [19], Monkeypox is a viral infection that manifests a week or two after exposure with fever and other non-specific symptoms, and then produces a rash with lesions that usually last for 2-4 weeks before drying up, crusting and falling off. [129] Initial assessments expressed the expectation of the outbreak to be contained, and of low impact to the general population in affected countries. [29][30] The duration of symptoms is typically two to four weeks. In May 2022, the US,[113][114] Spain,[115] Germany[116] and the UK[117] all announced purchases of smallpox vaccine. In reaction to the current outbreak of monkeypox, a number of countries have stated they are buying vaccines and/or releasing vaccines from national stockpiles for use in the outbreak. In the report of 9 May 2022, the NCDC stated that 230 cases were confirmed across 20 states and the Federal Capital Territory between 2017 and 2022. [48] Nigeria's surveillance of various diseases, including monkeypox, had to focus on the global COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, missing many cases and resulting in a drop in official statistics. [74], The UK Human Animal Infections and Risk Surveillance (HAIRS) group[75] warned that the virus could reach wildlife and become endemic as a result. [28] The time from exposure to onset of symptoms ranges from five to twenty-one days. [58][59] Prior to the 2022 outbreak, the United Kingdom had recorded only seven previous cases of monkeypox,[60] all of which were imported cases from Africa or healthcare workers involved in their treatment. The UKHSA stated that the risk to the general public remained "very low". A "small number" of people in Scotland were ordered to self-isolate following close contact with the person initially reported to have been infected, although overall risk to the general public remained "very low". [83] Dr. Susan Hopkins from the UKHSA urged watchfulness among men who have sex with men. Canada cases can be aggregated from the following sources: Peru cases can be aggregated from the following sources: Spain cases can be aggregated from the following sources: Learn how and when to remove this template message, Public Health Emergency of International Concern, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2022 monkeypox outbreak in the United Kingdom, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, conspiracy theories used during the COVID-19 pandemic, Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, 2022 monkeypox outbreak in the Netherlands, 2022 monkeypox outbreak in the United States, Monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, "Discussion of on-going MPXV genome sequencing", "Monkeypox spreads in West, baffling African scientists", "A Massachusetts Man Is Infected With Monkeypox", "WHO: 14,000 monkeypox cases worldwide, 5 deaths", "Brazil reports first monkeypox death outside Africa in current outbreak", "Spain confirms first monkeypox-related death in the country -reports", "Multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries", "Monkeypox United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "Viruela del mono: confirmaron el primer caso del virus en el pas", "UAE reports first case of monkeypox in the country", "Israel Confirms First Case of Monkeypox Virus", "Monkeypox confirmed in Melbourne and Sydney", "5 cases of monkeypox confirmed in Ghana", "WHO declares global health emergency over monkeypox outbreak", "Monkeypox declared global health emergency by WHO as cases surge", "Largest monkeypox study to date highlights new symptoms", "Second meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) Emergency Committee regarding the multi-country outbreak of monkeypox", "Epidemiological update: Monkeypox outbreak", "Should Monkeypox Be Considered an STD? [67], The 2022 outbreak has a different pattern of spread compared to prior monkeypox outbreaks outside Africa. [125][126] In an article published by the BBC in May 2022 countering misinformation about the monkeypox outbreak, journalist Rachel Schraer noted that social media accounts and news outlets from different countries including China, Russia, Ukraine and the United States have been promoting the idea that the outbreak was caused by a lab leak or that monkeypox is being used as a bioweapon. [44], On 23 July 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the monkeypox outbreak as a global health emergency as the number of infected cases rose above 17,000 people. 75% were white, 57% were on pre-exposure prophylaxis, and 41% had HIV/AIDS, of which 96% were on antiretroviral therapy. In this group, 98% of cases occurred in the community of men who have sex with men,[26] mainly those who have multiple sex partners (median of 5 partners in the previous 3 months). The person developed a rash on 29April while in Nigeria and flew back to the United Kingdom, arriving on 4May,[60] and presented to hospital later the same day. [27], Monkeypox is an infectious viral disease that can occur in humans and some other animals. [124], Misinformation and conspiracy theories spread online in various social media networks. From 18 May onwards, cases were reported from an increasing number of countries and regions, predominantly in Europe but also in North and South America, Asia, Africa, and Australia. The first three such cases were in 2018,[60] followed by a further case in 2019[61] and three more in 2021. [16] On 23 July, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), raising the status of the outbreak to a global health emergency. On 18 May, Portugal reported 14 cases of monkeypox. Smallpox, monkeypox and other poxvirus infections", "The transmission potential of monkeypox virus in human populations", "Interim Clinical Guidance for the Treatment of Monkeypox | Monkeypox | Poxvirus | CDC", "Multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries: Update", "Strengthening Global Systems to Prevent and Respond to High-Consequence Biological Threats", "World Health Organization (WHO) Declares Monkeypox A Global Health Emergency", "World Health Organization (WHO) Declares Monkeypox A Global Health Emergency - WORLD OF BUZZ", "African Centre For Disease Control Alerts Cameroon On Monkeypox", "Monkeypox in Nigeria: why the disease needs intense management", "Monkeypox is endemic in Nigeria. [28] Symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that forms blisters and then crusts over. On 23 May, Dr. Sue Hopkins, the chief medical adviser for the UK Health Security Agency, announced that 37 new monkeypox cases had been confirmed, more than doubling the total confirmed in the UK to 57 cases. [88][89], On 19 May, Sweden, Belgium[90][91] and Italy confirmed their first cases. [127] The Institute for Strategic Dialogue stated about this as "Reviving the spread of a set of cut-and-paste conspiracies", referring to conspiracy theories used during the COVID-19 pandemic. [105] [36] Human-to-human transmission can occur through exposure to infected body fluids or contaminated objects, by small droplets, and possibly through the airborne route. [9] The outbreak marked the first time monkeypox has spread widely outside Central and West Africa. [17][18] As of 28 July, there were a total of 20,846 confirmed cases. [25][26] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has emphasized the importance of reducing stigma in communicating about the demographic aspects of monkeypox, specifically with regards to gay and bisexual men. It does not include countries where suspected cases were reported but later discarded such as Afghanistan,[202][203] Costa Rica,[204] and Fiji.[205]. [78], Extensive contact tracing of people who had been in contact with the index case both on the international flight from Nigeria to the United Kingdom and within the country following their arrival was carried out, with potential contacts advised to remain aware of the symptoms of monkeypox and immediately isolate if any were to develop within 21 days of the contact event. One of the new cases was hospitalised at St Mary's Hospital, while the other case with milder symptoms was said to be self-isolating at home. [69][128] The BBC also made it clear that the genetic sequences of the virus, as far as is known, date back to a West African strain.

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