types of steam condenser

He completed his engineering studies in 2014 and is currently working in a large firm as Mechanical Engineer. In parallel flow jet condensers, both the steam and water enter at the top and the mixture is removed from the bottom. Also, Read:What Is Boiler Mounting? It is commonly used to lower the backpressure of the exhaust at the turbine end. | Parts of Dial Gauge Indicator | The Internal Arrangement of Dial Gauge | Working of Internal Parts, Here, the different Advantages of steam condenser are as follows, Also, Read:Keyless Remote Battery Is Low | When Does Key Fob Battery Replacing Replacing? The pressure reduction draws exhaust steam into the nozzle through a non-return valve. A steams condensers is a closed vessel in which steams are cooled by water and condensed by dissipating heat and where the pressure remains below atmospheric pressure. One of the applications of condensers (e.g., surface condensers) is in the thermal power plant to condensate the steam coming out from the turbine. The ends of the condenser are cut by vertical perforated type plates, to which water taps are attached. "}},{"@type":"Question","name":"Advantages of Steam Condenser:","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"This allows the reuse of condensate for feed water and therefore reduces the cost of electricity generation.\nThe temperatures of the condensates are higher than the feed water. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'theengineerspost_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_7',675,'0','0'])};if(typeof __ez_fad_position!='undefined'){__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-theengineerspost_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0')}; As a result of this, the whole condensate can be reused in the boiler. The air is removed from the top separately by an air pump. Surface condensers have a major advantage over jet condensers, as condensate is not mixed with cold water. The use of condensers increases the efficiency of the steam power plant. The condensate and cooling water come down through a long vertical discharge pipe into the hot well. The exhaust steam enters from above and flows over the nesting of the tubes.\n\nColdwater enters the lower tubes and passes through the upper half of the tubes. coal power thermal plants based condenser layout Therefore, the cooling water direction is downwards, and contrarily, the direction of exhaust steam is upwards. Jet condensers require less amount of cold water for condensation of steam due to a more intimate mixture of steam and cold water.\n\nIn general, jet condensers require fewer building spaces & are simpler to manufacture and lower in capital costs. Due to the larger size of surface condensers, more floor space is required. Your email address will not be published. There is a pressure drop at the throat of the nozzle. When the supply of cooling water is limited, evaporating the circulating water under small partial pressure can reduce its quantity required for condensing the steam. | What Are Boiler Accessories? Notify me of follow-up comments by email. After condensations of steams, the condensate is pumped into the hot well with the help of a condensate extraction pump. This is the basic phenomenon of how steam condensers work; in the next part, we will look at the classification of steam condensers and how each type of condenser works. It returns in the other direction through the upper half. This is why this type of condenser is also called a cross-surface condenser. In general, surface condensers are used in the power plant. | Boiler Mountings and Accessories | Difference between the boiler mountings and accessories, Parts and Functions of Grinding Machine | Grinding Machine | Grinding Machine Types, What Is Centrifugal Pump? Like this post? Intimate mixing of steam and cooling water. | Cupola Furnace Design Cupola Construction | Purpose of Cupola | Working Principle of Cupola Furnace: | Advantages of Cupola Furnace | Disadvantages of Cupola Furnace | Applications of Cupola Furnace, What Are Pliers Used? To supply pure water to the hot well and water from the hot well is again pumped into the boiler with the help of a boiler feed pump. No contact exists between the cooling water and exhaust steam. This is exactly the opposite of a parallel flow jet condenser, where cooling water comes from the top side of the condenser, and exhaust steam enters the condenser from the bottom of the condenser. In this type, the steam (condensate) and the cooling water are mixed and become a single stream. However, there is a cooling water injection pump to deliver the cooling water from above the condenser. When the supply of cold water is limited, evaporating the circulating water at small partial pressures can reduce the amount required to condense the steam. The maximum vacuum can be attained and it gives the highest. This is similar to the low-level condenser, except the condenser shell is placed at a height of 10.36 m (barometric height) above the hot well. Other operations of this type of condenser is similar to counter flow condenser. The air extraction pump expels air from the condenser and produces a vacuum inside it.\n\nIt is connected to the air extractions pump & condensate extractions pump. There are no direct contacts between the exhaust stream and cold water in the surface condenser. In thermal power plants, where cooling waters are in short supply, an air-cooled condenser may be used. I started this site to spread knowledge about Mechnical Engineering. The condensed steam is known as condensate. As advantages, the disadvantages of steam condensers can be listed by their types. Coldwater enters the condenser from above and is sprayed through the jet. | How to Replace a Keyless Remote Battery. "}},{"@type":"Question","name":"Working Principle of Steam Condenser:","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Inside the steam condenser, there is a flow of cooling water that continuously flows from the condenser to the cooling tower and from the cooling tower to the condenser. In these condensers, the water is 5 to 6 m. It enters the top of the condenser and is passed through a series of converging nozzles. More power is required for air and water pumping in direct contact condensers. The components required to operate a steam condenser are as follows. Air extraction pump is a pump which extracts (i.e. As the air circulates over the film of water, some of the cooling water evaporates. Condensate extraction pump is not needed for high level and ejector condensers. | Wilson Hartnell Governor | Construction of Wilson Hartnell Governor | Working of Wilson Hartnell Governor. Using the air extraction pump, a vacuum (the pressure below the atmospheric pressure) is created inside the condenser so that cooling water can circulate easily and also the condensate flow can be stabilized. It conducts this process with the help of cooling water that circulates inside it from the cooling tower. The water is again pumped to the boiler using a boiler feed pump. The cooling water moves to the top of the condenser using a vacuum and injector pump. Due to the complicated design, the initial cost is high. The exhaust steam mixes up with the water and condensed. Finally, the surplus hot water moves to the cooling tank or cooling pond through an overflow pipe. In these condensers, the water is 5 to 6 m. It enters the top of the condenser and is passed through a series of converging nozzles. | How to Replace a Keyless Remote Battery, Domestic Electrolux Refrigerator | Different Components of Domestic Electrolux Refrigerator, What Is Spark Ignition Engines? The vacuum is made at the top of the shell of the condenser. ","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Steam condensers are a mechanical device that converts low-pressure exhaust steam from a turbine into water. It is a pump, which removes condensate (i.e. In this, the condensation passes through the exhaust steam emanating from the turbine or engine. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. During the condensation process, steam gives heat energy to the coolant (which is water). The air pump makes a vacuum to draw the water from the cooling tower. A low-level or counter-flow jet condenser is shown in the figure. Hence the cooling water is sprayed over the finned pipes. The hot water coming out of the condenser is pumped into the cooling tower so that it cools down and supplies it to the condenser. The condensate extractions pump, which is located at the bottom, creates suction. Ejector condensers are shown in the figure. The efficiency of the steam power plant is increased by the use of a condenser. The steam enters at the bottom and mixes with the fine spray of cooling water. Jet condenser (or mixing type condenser). | What Is Compression Ignition Engines? As the steam is mixed with the cooling water, it is not possible to recirculate the cooling water to the boiler until it crosses through a water treatment plant. To supply pure water to the hot well and water from the hot well is again pumped into the boiler with the help of a boiler feed pump. The condensate extractions pump, which is located at the bottom, creates suction. In these types of steam condenser, the cooling water enters at the top and sprayed through jets. Both flows come from the top of the condenser and, after mixing, come out from the bottom of the condenser. When the supply of cold water is limited, evaporating the circulating water at small partial pressures can reduce the amount required to condense the steam. Quantity of cooling water required is less. So, due to low pressure, the exhaust steam is drawn into the condenser through the no-return valve and mixed with the condensate and the cooling water. There are three main types: air-cooled, evaporative, and water-cooled condensers. As low-pressure steams comes in contact with cold water, it condenses and transforms into water. In the parallel flow type of this condenser, cold water and condensed steam move in the same direction. It works to achieve two main objectives. In the central flow condenser, steams enter the top of the condenser and flows downstream. This principle is employed in evaporative condensers. There are two types of equipment on the condenser, one is the condensate extraction pump, and the other is the air extraction pump. This is accomplished by increasing the condensate pressure above boiler pressure. Condensate can be reused as feed water to the boiler. Thats it, thanks for reading. Another problem with condensers is air leakage. The surface condenser includes a horizontal cylindrical vessel from cast iron and is packed with tubes through which cooling water flows. Also, t3 is the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure of the condenser. Also, Read:What Is Wilson-Hartnell Governor? The pressure inside a steam condenser is kept below atmospheric pressure to increase efficiency. Hey, I am Rajkumar. It is a tower containing cold water, and this water is provided to circulate inside the condenser to cool the steam. Titanium condenser tubes are generally the best technical choice; however, titanium is a very expensive material, & the use of titaniums condensers tubes is associated with a very high initial cost. Your email address will not be published. Steam Condensers are available from a variety of suppliers and companies, as well as Manufacturers and Distributors, and there are many Steam Condensers for Sale on Linquip. raising the heat transfer rate by removing other non-condensable gases from the exiting steam. The current is entirely flowing with the help of gravity. The vacuums create circulations of cold water and the flow of condensates downstream. | Wilson Hartnell Governor | Construction of Wilson Hartnell Governor | Working of Wilson Hartnell Governor, What Is Boiler Mounting? The coolant pump draws water from a cooling pond and forces it to a horizontal header. heat exchanger tube shell wikipedia shape In counter flow jet condensers (or low-level jet condensers), the air pump is installed at the top. Given that there are different types of steam condensers, we will explain their advantages separately. Condensate can be supplied to the boiler through a high-capacity feed pump. In the barometric condenser (or high-level jet condensers), the shell is installed on top of the hot well at the height of 10.36 meters. In this condenser, the suction pipe of the air extraction pump is located in the center of the tube nest. This reduces the heat supply per kg of steam.\nThis increases the efficiency of the plant.\nThis reduces the backpressure of steam and can result in more work.\nThis exhaust lowers the steam temperature and allows more work to be achieved."}}]}. Advantages and disadvantages of jet condensers: Advantages and disadvantages of surface condensers. The condenser can be generally classified into two categories: Direct Contact-type Steam Condenser, and Surface Condenser. It is connected to the air extractions pump & condensate extractions pump. Thus, these condensers are best suited for modern thermal power plants.\n\nThey are commonly used where a large amount of substandard water is available, and better quality feedwater is supplied to the boiler.\n\nDownflow Surface Condenser:\n\nThe figure shows two-pass downfalls surface condensers. The steam condenser takes exhaust steam from one end and contacts cooling water circulating within it from the cooling tower on the other. Evaporative condensers are another type of surface condensers. In the surface condenser, the cooling water comes into the boiler through the lower half of the tubes in one direction. But this capital cost can be recovered by saving the cost of running better thermal efficiency (i.e., higher). In divergent cones, the kinetic energy is partially converted into pressure energy. The steam condenser is an essential component of all modern steam power plants.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[580,400],'theengineerspost_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_2',683,'0','0'])};if(typeof __ez_fad_position!='undefined'){__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-theengineerspost_com-medrectangle-3-0')}; A steam condenser has the following two objectives: The essential elements of a steam condensing plant are as shown in the figure. Also, Read:Top 10 Mechanical Companies in USA 2021. It circulates the coolant within the condenser. Coldwater enters the condenser from above and is sprayed through the jet.\n\nThe steam enters the bottoms and mixes with a fine spray of cold water. It is attached to the air extraction pump and condensation extraction pump.

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